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Ansumane Mané
Ansumane Mané (c. 1940 – 30 November 2000) was a Bissau-Guinean soldier who led a 1998 uprising against the government of President João Bernardo Vieira, which caused a brief, but bloody civil war.
==Military background==
Mané fought in the war of independence from Portugal alongside Vieira, and he backed Vieira when the latter seized power in a 1980 coup. In early 1998, he was suspended as Chief of Staff of the armed forces for allegedly smuggling arms to Casamance separatist rebels in Senegal.〔Andrea E. Ostheimer, ("The Structural Crisis in Guinea-Bissau's Political System" ), ''African Security Review'', Vol. 10, No. 4, 2001.〕 In a letter published in early April 1998, he in turn made the same accusation against the Minister of Defense, Samba Lamine Mané, and other officers; he also alleged that Vieira had permitted the arms smuggling and claimed that he was suspended as Chief of Staff in connection with "shady plan to mount a coup d'état".〔("GUINEA-BISSAU: Minister accused of arming Senegalese rebels" ), IRIN-West Africa Daily Update 181, 6 April 1998.〕
Mané was subsequently dismissed by Vieira and replaced by General Humberto Gomes on 6 June 1998. He led a military rebellion against Vieira on the following day,〔("GUINEA BISSAU: Fighting in capital continues" ), IRIN-West Africa Update 224, 8 June 1998.〕 resulting in the civil war. A peace agreement in November 1998〔("GUINEA-BISSAU: Loyalist troops capitulate" ), IRIN, May 7, 1999.〕 provided for a transitional national unity government and new elections.
After Vieira was deposed on 7 May 1999 in a renewed outbreak of fighting,〔〔〔("Guinea-Bissau palace ablaze" ), BBC News, May 7, 1999.〕 Mané became temporary head of state (official title: ''Chairman of the Supreme Command of the Military Junta'') until 14 May when Malam Bacai Sanhá, the President of the National People's Assembly, was installed as acting President.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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